STUDENTS VOCABULARY

STUDENTS VOCABULARY

STUDENTS VOCABULARY | Students are always keen to learn and speak English with different vocabulary words .Vocabulary words impress a great to users.Learn them by heart and memorize them a great length.Best way to learn them ;speak them aloud when you are learning them.

purify | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. refine
refine; make pure or free from sin or guilt; become clean

purity | Students Vocabulary
n.
condition of being pure; freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; cleanness

purple | Students Vocabulary
n.
chromatic color between red and blue; belonging to or befitting a supreme ruler

purse | Students Vocabulary
v.
gather or contract into wrinkles or folds; contract one’s lips into a rounded shape

pursue | Students Vocabulary
v.
follow in; go in search of or hunt for

pursuit | Students Vocabulary
n.
follow after; follow with a view to obtain; endeavor to attain

puzzle | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. mystery; enigma; perplex; riddle
difficult question or problem

pyramid | Students Vocabulary
n.
a massive memorial with a square base and four triangular sides; built as royal tombs in ancient Egypt
patriotic | Students Vocabulary
a.
inspired by love for one’s country

patriotism | Students Vocabulary
n.
love of country; devotion to welfare of one’s country; virtues and actions of patriot

patrol | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. guard; watch
activity of going on an area at regular intervals for security purposes

patron | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. benefactor
benefactor; regular customer

patronage | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. sponsorship; support
sponsorship; support; state of being a sponsor

pave | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. coat; cover
coat; cover

pavement | Students Vocabulary
n.
floor or covering of solid material, laid so as to make hard and convenient surface for travel

pawn | Students Vocabulary
n.
something given as security for loan; pledge or guaranty; article deposited as security

peach | Students Vocabulary
n.
small tree in Prunus persica widely cultivated at temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit

peak | Students Vocabulary
n.
summit; apex; maximum; prime

pebble | Students Vocabulary
n.
small smooth rounded rock

peck | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. pick
pick; hit lightly with a picking motion; eat like a bird

peculiar | Students Vocabulary
a. Syn. special; characteristic
special; characteristic; unusual; odd; bizarre

peculiarity | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. eccentricity; oddness
eccentricity; oddness; an odd or unusual characteristic; private ownership; proprietorship

pedal | Students Vocabulary
n.
foot-operated lever used for actuating or controlling a mechanism

pedestrian | Students Vocabulary
a. Syn. dull
lacking wit or imagination; ordinary

peel | Students Vocabulary
v.
come off in flakes or thin small pieces; strip the skin off; get undressed

peer | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. gaze; stare
gaze; stare; look searchingly; company with

penalty | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. punishment; fine
punishment established by law or authority for a crime or offense; fine

pending | Students Vocabulary
a. Syn. impending; imminent
not yet decided or settled; awaiting conclusion or confirmation

penetrate | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. pierce; permeate
pierce; go through; permeate

penetration | Students Vocabulary
n.
act or process of penetrating, piercing, or entering

pension | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. payment; tribute
something paid or given; payment to a person in consideration of past services

perceive | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. sense; detect
become aware of through the senses; detect

percent | Students Vocabulary
n.
out of each hundred; per hundred; one part in a hundred

perception | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. understanding; feeling; sense
understanding; feeling; effect or product of perceiving

perch | Students Vocabulary
n.
a place high up; an elevated place serving as a seat

perfect | Students Vocabulary
a. Syn. flawless; ideal
completed; not defective nor redundant; having all the properties or qualities; without flaw, fault, or blemish; without error

perfection | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. flawlessness; excellence
flawlessness; excellence; state of being without flaw or defect

perform | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. handle; execute
carry through; bring to completion; achieve; accomplish; execute

performance | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. execution; show; presentataion
act of performing; dramatic or musical entertainment; process or manner

performer | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. entertainer; actor
entertainer; who performs or takes part in a play or performance of any kind

perfume | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. scent; aroma; fragrance
pleasing, agreeable scent or odor

peril | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. danger; risk; hazard; jeopardy
danger; risk; hazard; jeopardy; exposure of person or property to injury, loss, or destruction

perimeter | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. edge; periphery
outer boundary length; closed curve bounding a plane area

pace | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. step
single movement from one foot to the other in walking; slow gait; step

pack | Students Vocabulary
n.
pact or bundle made up and prepared to be carried; a number of similar things; a full set of playing cards

packaging | Students Vocabulary
n.
putting something into boxes

pad | Students Vocabulary
n.
soft or small cushion; a kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting

painting | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. drawing
drawing; picture or design in paint; action of applying paint to a surface

pair | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. couple
two people or things considered as a unit; two items of the same kind; couple

pale | Students Vocabulary
a.
not ruddy; dusky white; pallid; not bright or brilliant

palm | Students Vocabulary
n.
inner surface of the hand between bases of fingers and wrist; tropical evergreen trees of the family Palmae

pamphlet | Students Vocabulary
n.
brochure; leaflet; a small book usually having a paper cover

pan | Students Vocabulary
v. Syn. criticize
criticize harshly; wash in pan; cook in pan

pane | Students Vocabulary
n.
framed section of window or door that is filled with a sheet of glass or others; panel in a wall or door

panel | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. board
a group of people gathered for a special purpose; small board or pad

panic | Students Vocabulary
n. Syn. alarm; fear
sudden mass fear and anxiety

panorama | Students Vocabulary
v.
complete view in every direction.

panoramic | Students Vocabulary
a.
related to unobstructed and comprehensive view; with a wide view

pant | Students Vocabulary
v.
breathe quickly or in a labored manner; respire with heaving of the breast; sigh

pantry | Students Vocabulary
n.
apartment or closet in which bread and other provisions are kept

pants
n. Syn. trousers; underwear
trousers; underwear; garment extending from waist to knee or ankle

par
n.
amount or level considered to be average; standard; equality of status, level, or value

parachute
n.
rescue equipment consisting of a device that fills with air and retards your fall

parade
n. Syn. march; procession
march in a procession; ceremonial procession; visible display

paradise
n.
garden of Eden; any place of complete delight and peace

paragraph
n.
distinct division of written or printed matter that begins on a new, usually indented line

parallel
n. Syn. similarity; analogy
make or place something to another’s side; of or relating to multiple operations at same time; not intersecting

paralyse
v. Syn. paralyze
make unable to move or act; impair the progress or functioning of

parameter
n.
characteristic or feature that distinguishes something from others

parasite
n.
animal or plant living on another

parliament
n.
discussion; formal conference on public affairs; general council, especially an assembly of representatives of a nation

partial
a. Syn. incomplete; fragmentary; sectional
incomplete; fragmentary; favoring one person or side over another or others

participant
n.
people who take part in

participate
v.
take part in something; share in something

particle
n. Syn. speck; grain
a tiny piece of anything

partition
v. Syn. divide
divide into parts, pieces, or sections

partner
n.
person who is a member of a partnership; associate who works with others toward a common goal

passion
n. Syn. ardor; fervor
strong feeling or emotion ; fervor

passionate
a. Syn. ardent; zealous; enthusiastic
zealous; enthusiastic; filled with or motivated by zeal

passive
a. Syn. compliant; inactive
lacking in energy or will; peacefully resistant in response to injustice

passport
n.
legal document identifying the bearer as citizen of a country and allowing to travel abroad

pastime
n.
something which amuses, and serves to make time pass agreeably; sport; amusement

pasture
n. Syn. field; meadow
field covered with grass; meadow

patch
n. Syn. expanse; piece
a piece of cloth; small area of ground covered by specific vegetation

patent
a. Syn. obvious; apparent
open for the public to read; obvious; plain

path
n. Syn. orbit; roadway
way; footway; course or track; route; passage

pathetic
a. Syn. touching; pathetic; pitiful
causing sadness, compassion, or pity

patriot
n.
one who loves and defends his or her country
period
n.
duration, continuance, term; end of something

periodic
a. Syn. repeated; recurrent
repeated; recurring at intervals of time

periodical
n.
publication that appears at fixed intervals

peripheral
a. Syn. marginal; outer
located in outer boundary; unimportant; auxiliary

perish
v.
be destroyed; pass away; become nothing

permanent
a. Syn. everlasting; perpetual
remaining without essential change

permission
n. Syn. consent; approbation
consent; approval to do something

permissive
a. Syn. approving; tolerant
approving; tolerant; granting; not strict in discipline

permit
v. Syn. allow
consent to; give permission

perpendicular
a. Syn. vertical; upright
vertical; upright; intersecting at or forming right angles; extremely steep

perpetual
a. Syn. continual
everlasting; continuing without interruption

perplex
v.
baffle; confuse

persecute
v.
pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict; beset with cruelty or malignity; harass; annoy

persecution
n.
act of persecuting on the basis of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or beliefs that differ from those of the persecutor

perseverance
n. Syn. endurance; persistence
endurance; steady persistence in adhering to a course of action

persevere
v.
endure; be persistent, refuse to stop

persist
v. Syn. continue; insist; persevere
continue; insist; persevere

persistence
n. Syn. endurance; tenacity
endurance; tenacity; state or quality of being persistent; persistency

personal
a.
particular to a given individual; concerning or affecting a particular person

personality
n. Syn. character
complex of all the attributes of a person; totality of qualities and traits of a person

personnel
n. Syn. staff; employees
group of people willing to obey orders

perspective
n. Syn. viewpoint; view
appearance of things; view, outlook, or vista

persuade
v. Syn. convince
advise; counsel; urge the acceptance or practice of; convince

pertain
v.
belong; have connection with, or dependence on

pertinent
a. Syn. relevant
having precise or logical relevance; pertaining or relating

perturb
v.
disturb greatly; make uneasy or anxious; throw into great confusion

peruse
v.
read or examine, typically with great care

pest
n. Syn. nuisance
persistently annoying person; organism that injures livestock or crops

pet
n.
animal kept for amusement or companionship

petition
n. Syn. plea; request
plea; formal message requesting something

petroleum
n.
dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons

petty
a. Syn. trivial; unimportant
trivial; of small importance; very small

phase
n. Syn. stage; moment
any distinct time period in a sequence of events; stage

phenomenon
n.
appearance; anything visible, in matter or spirit; extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing, or occurrence

philosophy
n.
body of highest truth; investigation of nature, causes, or principles of reality, knowledge, or values, based on logical reasoning

phonetics
n.
branch of acoustics concerned with speech processes including its production and perception and acoustic analysis

photograph
n.
picture or likeness obtained by photography

phrase
n.
brief expression, sometimes a single word, but usually two or more words forming an expression

physical
a.
relating to the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

physician
n.
person skilled in physic, or the art of healing; one duty authorized to treat diseases; doctor of medicine

piano
n.
stringed instrument that is played by depressing keys

pick
v. Syn. choose; select
remove something with the fingers, or with the teeth; separate as choice or desirable

picnic
v.
eat in the open air; have informal meal eaten outside or on an excursion

picturesque
a. Syn. scenic; beautiful
scenic; striking or interesting in an unusual way

pier
n.
landing place; platform built out from shore into water and supported by piles; provides access to ships

pigment
n. Syn. coloring; dye
substance used as coloring; dry coloring matter

pile
n.
large timber or post; heap; hair; fiber of wool, cotton; head of an arrow or spear

pilgrim
n.
traveler; one who travels far, or in strange lands, to visit some holy place or shrine as a devotee

pill
n.
a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet; something that is unpleasant or offensive

pillar
n.
column; post

pillow
n.
a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

pilot
n.
one who guides a course of action for others; one who operates or is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight

pin
n.
a piece of wood, metal, generally cylindrical, used for fastening separate articles together

pinch
v. Syn. clutch; squeeze
clutch; squeeze between the thumb and a finger, the jaws of a tool, or other edges

pine
v. Syn. yearn
have desire for something or someone; yearn; grieve or mourn for

pineapple
n.
large sweet fleshy tropical fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves

pioneer
n.
originator; explorer

pioneering
a. Syn. initial; original
initial; groundbreaking; originating; serving to pioneer

pious
a. Syn. devout; religious
devout; religious; exhibiting strict, traditional sense of virtue and morality

pirate
n.
robber on seas; one who by open violence takes the property of another on seas

pistol
n.
the smallest firearm used, intended to be fired from one hand

piston
n.
sliding piece which either is moved by, or moves against; mechanical device that has a plunging or thrusting motion

pit
v.
confront; set into opposition or rivalry

pitch
n.
action or manner of throwing something

pitcher
n.
container for liquids, having a handle and a lip or spout for pouring; player who throws the ball from the mound to the batter

plague
n.
epidemic disease with a high death rate; annoyance

plain
n. Syn. plateau; prairie
without elevations or depressions; flat; smooth; not rich; simple; without beauty; not handsome

plane
n.
flat or level surface; level of development, existence, or achievement

planet
n.
celestial bodies that revolve around the sun

plantation
n. Syn. farm
farm; an area under cultivation; a group of cultivated trees or plants

plaster
n.
cover conspicuously, as by pasting something on; adhesive tape used in dressing wounds; a hardened surface as on a wall or ceiling

plastic
a.
capable of being molded; capable of being shaped or formed; easily influenced

plate
n. Syn. covering; plane
flat piece of metal; thick sheet of metal; small, usually circular, vessel of metal or wood for food table

plateau
n. Syn. highland; upland
highland; upland; relatively flat highland

platform
n. Syn. stage
stage; a raised horizontal surface

playwright
n.
someone who writes plays

plea
n.
request for help; excuse or pretext

plead
v.
appeal or request earnestly; enter a plea; offer as an excuse

pleasure
n.
agreeable sensations or emotions; excitement, relish, or happiness produced by the expectation or the enjoyment of something good, delightful, or satisfying

pledge
n. Syn. oath; guarantee
promise solemnly and formally; binding commitment to do something

plight
n. Syn. predicament
condition or state, especially a bad state or condition

plot
n.
small extent of ground; secret scheme or strategy

plough
v.
break and turn over earth especially with a plow; move with force

pluck
v.
pull or draw, especially, to pull with sudden force or effort, or to pull off or out from something

plug
n.
something, such as a cork or a wad of cloth, used to fill a hole tightly; stopper

plumb
a. Syn. vertical
checking perpendicularity; exactly vertical

plumber
n.
craftsman who installs and repairs pipes and fixtures and appliances

plume
n.
feather, especially soft, downy, long, or handsome feather; an ornamental tuft of feathers; token of honor or achievement

plump
a. Syn. chubby; fat
sound of a sudden heavy fall; well-rounded and full in form

plunder
v.
take goods of by force, or without right; spoil; sack; strip; rob

plunge
v. Syn. dive; submerge
dive; submerge; become suddenly lower; decrease dramatically; throw oneself into a substance or place

plus
a.
involving advantage or good; on the positive side or higher end of a scale

ply
v.
bend; lay on closely, or in folds; work upon steadily, or with repeated acts; press upon

pneumonia
n.
inflammation of the lungs

poke
v.
push at, as with a finger or an arm; search or look curiously; proceed in slow or lazy manner; thrust forward

polar
a.
pertaining to one of the poles of the earth; of the poles

pole
n.
a long rod; one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions

policy
n.
settled method of government to administer; system of public or official administration

polish
v. Syn. shine; burnish
remove flaws from; perfect or complete

politics
n.
profession devoted to governing and political affairs; study of government of states and other political units

poll
n. Syn. voting; survey
voting; survey; number of votes cast or recorded

pollute
v. Syn. contaminate; defile; profane
make impure; make unfit for or harmful to living things, especially by the addition of waste matter

pollution
n. Syn. contamination
contamination; undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated

ponder
v.
weigh; weigh in the mind; view with deliberation; examine carefully; consider attentively

pony
n.
small horse; small glass of beer; word for word translation of a foreign language text

popcorn
n.
small kernels of corn exploded by heat

popular
a. Syn. favorite
of common people; suitable to common people; easy to be comprehended; not abstruse; familiar; plain

popularity
n.
quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after

porcelain
n.
ceramic ware made of a more or less translucent ceramic

porch
n.
covered and enclosed entrance to building; covered passage

pore
v. Syn. scrutinize; ponder
gaze intently; stare; scrutinize; read or study carefully and attentively

port
n. Syn. dock; pier
place on waterway with facilities for loading and unloading ships

portable
a. Syn. mobile
mobile; easily or conveniently transported

portion
n. Syn. part; section; segment
section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole

portrait
n. Syn. portraiture; picture
portraiture; picture; likeness of a person, especially one showing the face

portray
v. Syn. depict; describe; draw
depict; describe; draw

pose
v.
pretend to be someone you are not; assume a posture as for artistic purposes

positive
a.
involving advantage or good ; greater than zero; very sure; confident

possess
v. Syn. have; own
occupy in person; hold or actually have in one’s own keeping; have and hold; have the legal title to

possession
n. Syn. ownership; belongings; estate
act of having and controlling property; belongings

post
v. Syn. publicize; advertise
display announcement in a place of public view; publish on a list

postage
n.
token that postal fee has been paid; charge for mailing something

postal
a.
of or relating to the system for delivering mail

postcard
n.
card for sending messages by post without an envelope

posterity
n. Syn. descendants; offspring
descendants collectively; the race that proceeds from a progenitor; future generations

postpone
v. Syn. delay; defer
hold back to a later time; delay; defer

postulate
n.
essential premise; underlying assumption

pot
n. Syn. kettle; bottle
metallic or earthen vessel for boiling meat or vegetables, for holding liquids, or for plant

potent
a. Syn. powerful
powerful; having power to influence or convince; having great control or authority

potential
a. Syn. possible; latent
existing in possibility; expected to become or be

potentiality
n.
inherent capacity for coming into being; an aptitude that may be developed

poultry
n.
domestic fowls reared for eating, or for their eggs or feathers, such as cocks and hens, capons, turkeys, ducks, and geese

pound
n.
unit of weight equal to 16 ounces

pour
v.
flow in a spurt; rain heavily; supply in large amounts

poverty
n. Syn. indigence; destitution
lack of money; state of being poor; lack of the means of providing material needs or comforts

practicable
a. Syn. feasible
feasible; capable of being effected, done, or put into practice

practical
a. Syn. pragmatic; useful
based on experience; useful

practically
ad. Syn. virtually; actually; almost
virtually; actually; for all practical purpose

prairie
n.
treeless grassy plain; extensive area of flat or rolling

preach
v. Syn. advocate; sermonize
advocate; speak, plead; argue in favor of

precaution
n. Syn. prevention
prevention; measure taken beforehand; act of foresight

precede
v. Syn. antecede
come before; antecede

precedence
n.
fact, state, or right of preceding; priority; previous occurrence, or existence before; preceding act or speech

precedent
n. Syn. example; pattern
act or instance that may be used as example in subsequent similar cases

preceding
a. Syn. ahead
ahead; prior to

precious
a. Syn. valued; valuable
of high worth or cost

precise
a. Syn. exact; accurate
exact; clearly expressed; accurate or correct

precision
n. Syn. exactness; accuracy
exactness; accuracy; number of significant digits to which a value has been reliably measured

predecessor
n. Syn. forerunner; ancestor
former occupant of post; ancestor or forefather

predict
v. Syn. forecast; foretell
state, tell about, or make known in advance, especially on the basis of special knowledge

prediction
n. Syn. prophecy; foretelling
something foretold or predicted; prophecy

predominant
a. Syn. principal; dominant; overpowering
most frequent or common; having superior power and influence

preface
n.
something spoken as introductory to a discourse, or written as introductory to a book or essay

preferable
a. Syn. favored; better; preferred
favored; better; more desirable or worthy than another; preferred

preference
n. Syn. inclination; attachment; favorite
a strong liking; favorite

pregnancy
n.
condition of being pregnant; fruitfulness; fertility

pregnant
a.
expecting a baby; carrying within the body or being about to produce new life

prejudice
n.
opinion formed without due examination; leaning toward one side of a question

preliminary
a. Syn. initial; introductory; preparatory
prior to or preparing for the main matter; introductory

prelude
n. Syn. introduction; forerunner
introduction; forerunner; preliminary or preface

premature
a.
too soon; too early; occurring before a state of readiness

premium
n.
having or reflecting superior quality or value

prescribe
v. Syn. dictate; guide
dictate; guide; advise the use of; assert a right; claim

prescribed
a. Syn. set; certain; stated
set down as a rule or guide; certain; stated

prescription
n. Syn. instruction; order
written instructions from doctor; written order; act of establishing official rules, laws, or directions

presence
n.
state of being present; current existence

present
n.
being in existence; something presented as a gift; period of time that is happening now

presentation
n.
show or display; act of presenting something to sight or view

preservation
n. Syn. conservation; protection
conservation; protection

preserve
v. Syn. uphold; retain; maintain
uphold; retain; maintain in safety from injury, peril, or harm

preside
v.
be set, or to sit, in the place of authority; occupy the place of president, chairman, moderator, director; direct, control, and regulate, as chief officer

press
n.
machines or devices that apply pressure or print; collecting and publishing of news; journalism in general

pressure
n. Syn. stress; tension
stress; tension; condition of being pressed

prestige
n. Syn. fame; reputation
impression produced by achievements or reputation; recognized distinction or importance

presumably
ad. Syn. assumedly; supposedly
assumedly; supposedly

presume
v. Syn. suppose
take for granted as true in absence of proof; venture without authority

pretense
n.
act of giving a false appearance; imaginative intellectual play

pretentious
a.
intended to attract notice and impress others; making unjustified claims; overly ambitious

prevail
v. Syn. induce; ; triumph
induce; be greater in strength or influence; triumph; win out

prevailing
a. Syn. widespread; predominant
most frequent; widespread; predominant

prevalent
a. Syn. widespread
widespread; widely or commonly occurring, existing, accepted

previous
a.
existing or occurring before something else

prey
n. Syn. victim
target of a hunt; animal hunted or caught for food

prick
v.
penetrate or puncture by a sharp and slender thing

primary
a. Syn. principal; prime; fundamental
of first rank or importance or value; essential or basic

prime
a. Syn. primary; principal; chief
first in excellence, quality, or value; at the best stage; peak; first in degree or rank; chief

primitive
a. Syn. rudimentary; primeval
belonging to an early stage; simple or naive in style; primeval

principal
a. Syn. chief; main
highest in rank, authority, character, importance, or degree

principle
n.
basic truth or law or assumption; rule or law of nature; rule of personal conduct

prior
a. Syn. former; antecedent; anterior; previous
preceding in the order of time; former; previous

priority
n. Syn. preference; precedence
preceding in time, importance, or urgency

privacy
n. Syn. seclusion
quality of being secluded from view of others; condition of being hidden

privilege
n.
special advantage or benefit not enjoyed by all; right reserved exclusively

probe
v. Syn. detect; investigate; search
explore with tools; investigate; search

problematic
a. Syn. doubtful; perplexing
open to doubt; unsettled; questionable; difficult to solve

procedure
n. Syn. progress; process
act or manner of moving forward; act performed; steps taken in an action

proceed
n. Syn. continue; advance
follow a certain course; move ahead; travel onward

proceeding
n.
a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

proceeds
n. Syn. revenue
profit, money made from selling something; income arising from land or other property

process
n. Syn. progress; advance; procedure
act of proceeding; continued forward movement; a series of actions

procession
n.
act of proceeding, moving on, advancing, or issuing; regular, orderly, or ceremonious progress; continuous course

proclaim
v. Syn. declare; announce
declare; announce

procure
v.
bring into possession; cause to accrue to, or to come into possession of; cause to come

produce
v.
bring forward; lead forth; offer to view or notice; exhibit; cause to be or to happen

productive
a.
having quality or power of producing; yielding or furnishing results; causing to exist

productivity
n.
quality or state of being productive; productiveness.

profession
n. Syn. vocation; occupation
occupation requiring special education

professional
a.
engaged in, or suitable for a profession

proficiency
n. Syn. skill; expertise
skillfulness in command of fundamentals deriving from practice and familiarity; expertise

proficient
a. Syn. skilled; expert
skilled; expert; having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

profile
n.
outline; biographical sketch

profit
n. Syn. benefit
advantageous gain or return; income received from investments or property

profound
a. Syn. deep; complete
deep; not superficial; far-reaching

progress
n. Syn. advance; development; headway; proceed
moving or going forward; proceeding onward; advance

progressive
a. Syn. advancing; incremental
forward-looking; advancing; incremental

prohibit
v. Syn. ban; taboo; forbid
ban; taboo; forbid

prohibitive
a.
tending to discourage; prohibiting; forbidding

project
n. Syn. program; plan; scheme
any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; program; plan; scheme

projection
n.
plan for anticipated course of action; thing that extends outward beyond a prevailing line or surface

projector
n.
optical device for projecting a beam of light

proletarian
n.
member of working class; blue collar person

prolong
v. Syn. lengthen
make longer; draw out; lengthen

prominence
n. Syn. notability
relative importance; property of being prominent; a standing out from the surface of something

prominent
a. Syn. conspicuous; notable
conspicuous; immediately noticeable; sticking out; widely known

promise
n. Syn. expectation
declaration assuring that one will or will not do something; indication of something favorable to come

promising
a. Syn. prospective; hopeful
likely to develop in a desirable manner; affording hope

promote
v. Syn. publicize; advance
help to flourish; advance in rank; publicize

prompt
v. Syn. cause; remind; ; inspire
move to act; incite; give rise to; assist with a reminder

prone
a.
inclined; lying face downward; having a tendency

proof
n. Syn. evidence; demonstration
evidence; demonstration; statement or argument used in such a validation

propaganda
n.
organization or plan for spreading a particular doctrine or a system of principles

propagate
v. Syn. multiply; spread
cause something to multiply or breed; cause to extend to broader area or larger number

propel
v.
drive forward; cause to move forward or onward; push

propeller
n.
machine for propelling an aircraft or boat; one who propels

proper
a. Syn. right; appropriate
belonging to one; one’s own; individual; belonging to natural or essential constitution; peculiar; not common; particular

property
n. Syn. asset; estate; charactersitics; attribute
any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

prophet
n. Syn. predictor
one who speaks by divine inspiration or as the interpreter through whom the will of a god is expressed

proportion
n. Syn. amounts; percentage
percentage; quotient obtained when a part is divided by the whole; part considered in relation to the whole

proposal
n.
something proposed; act of making a proposal; an offer of marriage

propose
v. Syn. advance; suggest
make a proposal, declare a plan for something

proposition
n. Syn. proposal; task
plan suggested for acceptance; a matter to be dealt with; subject for discussion or analysis

proprietor
n. Syn. owner
one who has legal title to something; owner

proprietorship
n.
an unincorporated business owned by a single person who is responsible for its liabilities and entitled to its profits

prose
n. Syn. essay
essay; ordinary speech or writing; commonplace expression or quality

prosecute
v. Syn. sue
seek to obtain or enforce by legal action; carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

prosecutor
n.
one who carries out legal action, especially criminal proceedings; one who prosecutes any purpose, plan, or business

prospect
n. Syn. possibility; hope; outlook
possibility of future success; belief about future

prosperity
n. Syn. wealth; fortune
good fortune; financial success; physical well-being

prosperous
a. Syn. successful; thriving
successful; thriving; having or characterized by financial success or good fortune

protein
n.
any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells

protest
n. Syn. outcry; objection
expression of disagreement and disapproval; complain against

protocol
n.
code of correct conduct ; rules governing socially acceptable behavior; record of transaction

prototype
n. Syn. model; archetype
original work used as a model; original type

provincial
a.
relating to a province; limited in outlook; unsophisticated

provision
n. Syn. supply
stipulated condition; act of supplying or fitting out; something provided

provisional
a. Syn. tentative; temporary
temporary; provided for present need only

provocation
n. Syn. incitement; aggravation
unfriendly behavior that causes anger or resentment; aggravation

provoke
v. Syn. irritate; cause; evoke
stir to anger; give rise to; stir to action or feeling

prudence
n.
quality or state of being prudent; wisdom in the way of caution and provision; good judgment

prudent
a. Syn. cautious; careful
cautious; careful in regard to one’s own interests

psychology
n.
science that deals with mental processes and behavior

publication
n.
act or process of publishing printed matter; communication of information to public

publicity
n.
state of being public; information to attract public notice

publish
v.
make public; make known to mankind, or to people in general

pull
v. Syn. draw
steer or move into a certain direction; take away; remove from a fixed position; extract

pulse
n. Syn. beat; rhythm
beat; rhythm; rate at which heart beats;

pump
v.
draw fluid or gas by pressure or suction; supply in great quantities

pumpkin
n.
usually large pulpy deep-yellow round fruit of the squash family

punch
v. Syn. blow; knock
blow; drive forcibly; pierce; hit with a sharp blow of the fist

punctual
a.
consisting in a point; limited to a point; unexpended; precise

pupil
n.
a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

puppy
n.
young dog; pup; doll; puppet

purchase
n.
act or an instance of buying; something bought
qualification
n.
an attribute that must be met

qualified
a. Syn. certified
restricted; having the appropriate qualifications for an office, position, or task

qualify
v.
make such as is required; give added or requisite qualities to; make legally capable

qualitative
a.
relating to quality; having the character of quality

quantitative
a.
expressed or expressible as a quantity; relating to measurement of quantity

quarter
n. Syn. fourth
one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion

quarterly
ad.
every three months; in three month intervals

quartz
n.
a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form

quay
n. Syn. dock
dock; landing place; reinforced bank where ships are loaded or unloaded

queer
a. Syn. eccentric; mysterious
odd or unconventional, as in behavior; eccentric; mysterious; suspicious; questionable

quench
v. Syn. extinguish
put out a fire; extinguish; put an end to; destroy

query
n. Syn. inquiry; question
inquiry; doubt in the mind; mental reservation

quest
n. Syn. search; expedition
act of searching for something

questionnaire
n.
form containing a set of questions; submitted to people to gain statistical information

quilt
n.
bedding made of two layers of cloth filled with stuffing

quiver
v. Syn. tremble; shake
shake with slight, rapid, tremulous movement

quota
n. Syn. share; ration
limitation on imports; ration; prescribed number

quotation
n.
passage or expression that is quoted or cited; practice of quoting from books

quote
v.
cite or repeat a passage from; repeat or copy the words of another

razor
n.
sharp-edged cutting instrument used especially for shaving the face or other body parts

react
v.
act against or in opposition to; show a response or a reaction

reactionary
a.
opposition to progress or liberalism; extremely conservative

readily
ad. Syn. easily; quickly; promptly
easily; quickly; in a prompt, timely manner; promptly

realization
n. Syn. fulfillment; awareness
fulfillment; awareness; coming to understand something clearly and distinctly

realm
n. Syn. kingdom; domain
kingdom; domain ruled by a king or queen

reap
v. Syn. gain; harvest; glean
gain; harvest a crop from; get or derive; obtain as a result of effort

rear
n. Syn. back
side of an object that is opposite its front; hind part; point or area farthest from the front

reasonable
a.
showing reason or sound judgment; capable of reasoning; rational; being within bounds of common sense

reassure
v.
give or restore confidence in; cause to feel sure or certain

rebel
n.
one who takes part in an armed group against the constituted authority; revolt;

rebellion
n.
organized opposition to authority

rebuke
v. Syn. admonish; scold
scold harshly; criticize severely

recall
v. Syn. remember
remember; call back; cause to be returned

recede
v.
move back; retreat; withdraw a claim or pretension

receipt
n. Syn. reception
act of receiving; acknowledgment of goods delivered or money paid

rack
n.
framework for holding objects

racket
n.
device consisting of an oval frame with a tight interlaced network of strings and a handle; wooden paddle, as one used in table tennis

radar
n.
measuring instrument to detect distant objects by microwave

radiant
a. Syn. ablaze; brilliant; delighted
brilliant; delighted

radiate
v. Syn. effuse
spread out; effuse; issue or emerge in rays or waves

radiation
n.
very small particles of a radioactive substance that can cause illness or death

radical
a. Syn. drastic; extreme
drastic; extreme; arising from or going to a root or source; basic

radius
n.
right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery

rage
n. Syn. vogue
something that is desired intensely; state of extreme anger

raid
n. Syn. invasion; attack
search without warning; surprise attack by a small armed force

rail
v. Syn. scold; rant
scold; express objections or criticisms in bitter, harsh, or abusive language

rainbow
n.
arc of colored light in sky caused by refraction of the sun’s rays by rain

rally
v. Syn. gather; combine; assemble
call up or summon; call together for a common purpose

ramble
v. Syn. wander
wander aimlessly; move about aimlessly; walk about casually or for pleasure

ranch
n.
farm consisting of a large tract of land

random
a. Syn. haphazard; chance
without definite purpose, plan, or aim; having no specific pattern

range
n. Syn. limit
limits within which something can be effective; variety of different things or activities

rank
v. Syn. file; categorize
hold a particular position in a social hierarchy; form or stand in a row or rows

rapture
n.
state of being transported by a lofty emotion; ecstasy; violent taking and carrying away; seizure; forcible removal

rare
a. Syn. scarce; uncommon; infrequent
scarce; infrequently occurring; uncommon

rarely
ad. Syn. seldom
not often; in an unusual degree; exceptionally

rat
n.
any of various long tailed rodents, similar to but larger than mouse

ratify
v. Syn. confirm; verify
approve formally; confirm; verify

ratio
n. Syn. rate; proportion
relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind; rate; proportion

ration
n. Syn. allotment; allowance; portion
allotment; allowance; portion; allot; distribute in rations

rational
a. Syn. logical; reasonable
consistent with; based on; using reason

rattle
n.
a rapid series of short loud sounds; loosely connected horny sections

ravage
v.
bring heavy destruction on; devastate

raw
a.
in the natural unprocessed condition; cruel and unfair; uncooked; untrained and inexperienced

ray
n. Syn. beam; light
one of a number of lines diverging from a point; a line of light or heat proceeding from a point
reception
n. Syn. receipt
act of receiving; manner in which something is greeted

receptionist
n.
secretary whose main duty is to answer the telephone and receive visitors

recession
n. Syn. withdrawal; retreat
withdrawal; retreat; time of low economic activity

recipe
n. Syn. prescription; instruction
medical prescription; a set of directions for making or preparing something, especially food

recipient
n. Syn. receiver
receiver; one that receives or is receptive

reciprocal
a. Syn. mutual; exchangeable; interacting
concerning each of two or more persons or things; exchangeable; interacting

recite
v.
repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory; rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor

reckless
a. Syn. irresponsible; careless
headstrong; rash; indifferent to or disregardful of consequences

reckon
v. Syn. expect; believe; suppose
compute; take account of; have faith or confidence in

reclaim
v. Syn. rehabilitate; rejuvenate
bring into or return to a suitable condition for use; claim back; make useful again

recognition
n. Syn. attention; acclaim; appreciation
acceptance ; appreciation; approval

recognize
v. Syn. acknowledge; distinguish
perceive the identity of; consent or admit with a formal acknowledgment; show appreciation of

recollection
n. Syn. memory; remembrance
memory; remembrance; power of recalling ideas to the mind

recommend
v. Syn. suggest
suggest; bestow commendation on; represent favorably

recommendation
n. Syn. advice
making attractive or acceptable; pushing for something

recompense
v.
render an equivalent to, for service, loss; requite; remunerate; compensate; give in return; pay back

reconcile
v. Syn. adapt; settle; resolve
correct inconsistencies; become friendly after a quarrel; become compatible or consistent

reconnaissance
n. Syn. reconnoitering
gain information about enemy; inspection or exploration of an area

recourse
n.
one that is turned or applied to for aid or security; resort for help or protection; access or admittance

recover
v. Syn. regain
get or find back; regain a former condition

recreation
n.
amusement; entertainment

recruit
v. Syn. enlist; enroll
enlist; register formally as a participant; engage for military service

rectangle
n.
a parallelogram with four right angles

rectify
v. Syn. correct
set right; correct by calculation or adjustment

recur
v. Syn. reappear
reappear; happen or occur again

recurrence
n.
act of recurring, or state of being recurrent; return

redeem
v.
purchase back; regain possession of by payment; ransom or rescue from captivity; pay penalty; make amends for

reed
n.
tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems

reef
n.
chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water

reel
n.
frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on axis, on which threads or lines are wound

referee
n.
someone to investigate and report on a case or to ensure fair play

reference
n.
act of referring or consulting; remark that calls attention to something or someone

refine
v. Syn. purify
purify; make more precise; improve

refined
a. Syn. cultured; purified
cultured; purified; made pure

refinement
n.
result of improving something; process of removing impurities

reflect
v.
throw or bend back light from a surface; give back or show an image of; mirror

reflection
n. Syn. expression
image of something as reflected by mirror; remark expressing careful consideration

refrain
v. Syn. resist; forbear
abstain from; resist; hold oneself back

refreshment
n.
activity that refreshes and recreates; snacks and drinks served as a light meal

refrigerator
n.
machines in which food can be stored at low temperatures

refugee
n.
one who flees to shelter, or place of safety

refund
n.
repayment of fund; an amount repaid

refusal
n.
act of refusing; denial of anything demanded

refute
v. Syn. disprove
disprove; prove to be false or incorrect

regarding
ad.
with respect to; by concerning

regardless
a.
without consideration; in spite of everything; anyway

regime
n. Syn. government; administration
form of government; government in power; administration; prevailing social system or pattern

regiment
n.
government; mode of ruling; rule; authority

region
n.
province; district; tract; neighborhood; the upper air; sky or heavens; inhabitants of a district

register
v. Syn. record
give outward signs of; express; record in writing; enroll as a student

regulate
v. Syn. direct
bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations; fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of

regulation
n.
act of controlling or directing according to rule; prescribed by or according to rule

rehearsal
n.
act of rehearsing; exercise or practice to prepare for a public performance

rehearse
v. Syn. practice; drill
practice; drill; engage in preparation for a public performance

reign
n. Syn. sovereignty; rule; control
sovereignty; rule; dominance or widespread influence

reimburse
v. Syn. repay; refund; indemnify
pay back for some expense incurred

rein
n.
strap or rope attached to the bridle or bit, used to control a horse or other animal; instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing

reinforce
v. Syn. strengthen; enhance
give more force or effectiveness to; strengthen; enhance

reiterate
v.
say, state, or perform again or repeatedly

reject
v. Syn. refuse; deny
turn down; refuse to accept; dismiss from consideration

rejection
n.
act of rejecting something

rejoice
v.
feel joy; experience gladness in a high degree; have pleasurable satisfaction; be delighted; enjoy

relax
v. Syn. free; loosen; calm
make less severe or strict; become less tense

relaxation
n.
state of refreshing tranquility; act of making less strict

relay
n.
act of passing something along from one person, group, or station to another

release
v. Syn. liberate; freedom
give off; liberate; grant freedom to; make something available

relevant
a. Syn. pertinent
pertinent; having connection with matter at hand

reliability
n.
trait of being dependable or reliable

reliable
a. Syn. dependable; trustworthy
worthy of being depended on; trustworthy

reliance
n.
dependence; certainty based on past experience

relief
n.
easing of burden or distress, such as pain or anxiety; release from post or duty; pleasant or amusing change

relieve
v. Syn. assuage; alleviate
free from a burden; alleviate; save from ruin

religion
n. Syn. belief; faith
belief in supernatural power regarded as creator and governor of the universe

religious
a. Syn. devout; pious
of religion; concerned with religion; having or showing belief in and reverence for God or a deity

relinquish
v. Syn. yield; abandon; surrender; waive
give up something with reluctance; retire from; give up or abandon

relish
v. Syn. enjoy
take keen or zestful pleasure in; enjoy the flavor of; give spice or flavor to

reluctance
n.
state of being reluctant; unwillingness; hesitancy in taking some action

reluctant
a. Syn. unwilling; averse
not wanting to take some action; averse

rely
v. Syn. trust; depend
rest with confidence; have confidence; depend

remainder
n.
remnant; something left after other parts have been taken away

remains
n.
all that is left after other parts have been taken away, used up, or destroyed; corpse; ancient ruins or fossils

remark
n. Syn. comment; commentary
expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed

remarkable
a. Syn. outstanding; extraordinary
worthy of notice; extraordinary

remedy
n. Syn. drug
a medicine or therapy; ; cure; fix; repair; provide relief for

remind
v.
recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

reminiscence
n. Syn. recollection
recollection; process of remembering

remit
v.
send back; give up; surrender; resign; restore; transmit or send, especially as money in payment of a demand

remittance
n.
transmitting money, bills, especially to a distant place, as in satisfaction of a demand, or in discharge of an obligation

remnant
n. Syn. remainder; relic
remainder; small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists

remove
v.
move away from the position occupied; cause to change place; take away

renaissance
n.
revival; renewal; revival of learning and culture

render
v. Syn. deliver; provide; represent
deliver;give or make available; provide; represent in a drawing or painting

renew
v. Syn. renovate; restart
renovate; make new or as if new again; restore

renewable
a.
capable of being renewed or extended

renewal
n.
act of renewing; filling again by supplying what has been used up

rent
n.
payment, usually of an amount fixed by contract

rental
n.
amount paid or collected as rent; act of renting

repeal
v. Syn. revoke; annul
revoke or annul, especially by official or formal act

repel
v. Syn. disgust; reject; refuse
force or drive back; disgust; offer resistance to; fight against

repent
v.
cause to feel remorse or regret; feel regret or self-reproach for

repetition
n.
act of doing or performing again

replace
v.
substitute; put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items

replacement
n.
act of replacing; substitution; person or thing that takes the place of another

replenish
v. Syn. refill; restock
fill or make complete again; add a new stock or supply to

represent
v. Syn. illustrate; depict
stand for; describe or present; play a role or part

representation
n.
act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf

representative
n. Syn. delegate
one that represents anything; that which exhibits a likeness or similitude; agent

reproach
v. Syn. admonish
express disapproval or disappointment; bring shame upon; disgrace

reproduce
v.
have offspring or young; duplicate; make a copy

reproduction
n.
act of making copies

reptile
n.
cold-blooded vertebrate including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles

repudiate
v. Syn. disown
disown; refuse to acknowledge; reject validity or authority of

reputable
a. Syn. respectable; honorable
having a good reputation; honorable

reputation
n.
state of being held in high esteem; general estimation in which a person is held by the public

repute
v.
ascribe a particular fact or characteristic to; consider; suppose

request
v. Syn. demand; require
express the need or desire for; ask for

require
v. Syn. demand; request
insist upon having; request and expect

requisite
n.
necessary requirement; indispensable item

rescind
v. Syn. cancel; annul; repeal
cancel; make void; repeal or annul

rescue
n. Syn. save; salvage
free from harm or evil; take from legal custody by force

research
v.
inquire into; attempt to find out in scientific manner

resemblance
n. Syn. likeness; similarity
likeness; similarity in appearance or external or superficial details

resemble
v. Syn. be similar to; take after; look like
be similar to; take after; look like

resent
v. Syn. begrudge
feel bitter; consider as injury or affront; be in angry

resentment
n. Syn. indignation; bitterness; displeasure
indignation; deep sense of injury; strong displeasure

reserve
n.
lack of enthusiasm; skeptical caution; something saved for future use; self-restraint in expression

reservoir
n. Syn. receptacle
tank used for collecting and storing a liquid; holding pond; lake used to store water for community use

reside
v. Syn. dwell; live; inhabit
dwell; live in a place permanently or for an extended period

residence
n. Syn. dwelling; house; abode
official house; large house; act of dwelling in a place

resident
n. Syn. inhabitant; dweller
one who resides in a place permanently or for an extended period; dweller

residual
a. Syn. remaining; surplus
remaining as a residue; surplus

resign
v. Syn. yield; surrender; abandon
sign back; return by a formal act; yield to another; abandon

resignation
n.
act of resigning or giving up, as a claim, possession, or office; surrender

resist
v. Syn. withstand
stand up or offer resistance; refuse to comply; withstand the force of something

resistance
n.
action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

resistant
a.
unaffected; incapable of being affected

resolute
a. Syn. firm; determined; decided
firm, unyielding, or determined; having decided purpose

resolution
n. Syn. determination; resolve
determination; resolving to do something; formal statement of a decision

resolve
n. Syn. determination; resolution; decision
determination; formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

resort
n.
vacation spot; act of turning to for assistance

resource
n. Syn. materials; abilities
materials; abilities; available source

respect
n. Syn. honor; esteem; admire
honor or esteem; admire; aspect; detail or point

respective
a. Syn. individual
individual; relating to particular persons or things, each to each; particular; respectful; regardful

respectively
ad. Syn. separately; individually
separately; individually; in the order given

respond
v. Syn. react; answer
show a reaction to something favorably or as hoped

responsibility
n. Syn. duties; obligation
duties; obligation; state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable

responsible
a. Syn. accountable
accountable; held accountable

restless
a.
never resting; unquiet; uneasy; continually moving; eager for change; discontented

restore
v. Syn. reinstate; renovate; renew
give or bring back; return to its original condition

restrain
v. Syn. inhibit; stop; repress
keep under control; hold back ; place limits on

restraint
n. Syn. restriction; limitation
moderation or limitation; controlling force; loss of freedom; control of feelings

restrict
v. Syn. limit; inhibit; confine
keep or confine within limits

restriction
n.
act of keeping something within specified bounds; a principle that limits the extent of something

restrictive
a. Syn. limiting; confining
tending or serving to restrict; limiting; confining

resume
v.
give a summary; return to a previous location or condition

retail
a.
selling of goods to consumers

retailer
n.
company which sells goods

retain
v. Syn. keep; employ
keep; maintain possession of; hire by payment of a fee; keep in mind; remember

retire
v.
move back and away from; stop performing one’s work or withdraw from one’s position

retirement
n.
period of your life after you have stopped work at a certain age

retort
n.
reply, especially to answer in a quick, caustic, or witty manner

retreat
n. Syn. receding
receding; pull back or move away or backward; withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position

retroactive
a.
extending in scope or effect to a prior time or to prior conditions

reveal
v. Syn. expose; uncover
make known; disclose or show

revenge
v. Syn. avenge
do punishment in return for injury or insult; avenge

revenue
n. Syn. income; reward
money which returns from an investment; annual income; reward

reverence
n.
profound respect and esteem with fear and affection, as for a holy being or place; act showing respect, especially a bow or curtsy

reverse
v. Syn. back; rear
overturn; turn inside out or upside down; turning in the opposite direction

revert
v. Syn. relapse; backslide; return
return to a former condition, practice, subject, or belief; backslide; turn back to

review
n.
summary of a longer discussion; formal examination; practice to refresh memory

revise
v. Syn. amend; change
amend; change

revision
n. Syn. modification; correction
modification; correction; act of altering

revival
n. Syn. resuscitation; resurgence
bringing again into activity and prominence

revive
v. Syn. resuscitate; recover; renew
restore from a depressed; renew

revoke
v. Syn. cancel; retract; void; annul
void or annul by recalling, withdrawing, or reversing; cancel; retract

revolt
v. Syn. resist; rebel
organize opposition to authority; make revolution

revolution
n.
act of revolving; motion of body round a fixed point or line; rotation; total or radical change; fundamental change in political organization

revolutionary
a.
marked by new or introducing radical change

revolve
v.
turn or roll round on, or as on, an axis, like a wheel; rotate; move in curved path round a center; pass in cycles

reward
n.
satisfying return or result; profit, return for performance of a desired behavior; positive reinforcement.

rhythm
n. Syn. pattern; beat; tempo
pattern; beat; recurring at regular intervals

rib
n.
one of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the lateral walls of the thorax

ribbon
n.
fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of silk; narrow strip of fine material used for trimming

riddle
v. Syn. permeate; spread
pierce with numerous holes; perforate; permeate or spread throughout

ridge
n.
long, narrow upper section or crest; chain of hills or mountains

ridicule
n. Syn. mock
words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter; make fun of

ridiculous
a. Syn. foolish
completely lacking of wisdom or good sense

rifle
n.
shoulder firearm with a long barrel

righteous
a.
morally justified; equitable; free from wrong, guilt, or sin

rigid
a. Syn. stiff; strict
stiff and unyielding; strict; hard and unbending; not flexible

rigidity
n. Syn. stiffness
stiffness; physical property of being stiff and resisting bending

rigor
n. Syn. severity
strictness or severity, as in temperament, action, or judgment; something hard to endure

rigorous
a. Syn. severe; harsh; exact
full of rigors; harsh; rigidly accurate; precise

rim
n.
border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of something circular or curving

rinse
v. Syn. flush
cleanse with water; flush; wash lightly without soap

riot
n. Syn. commotion; rebellion
state of disorder involving group violence; rebellion

rip
v. Syn. tear; rend
tear or be torn violently; criticize or abuse strongly and violently

ripe
a. Syn. ready; mature
ready; fully developed; mature

ripen
v.
grow ripe; cause to ripen or develop fully

ripple
n.
wavelike motion; undulation; sound like that of water running over a stony bottom

rise
v. Syn. ascend
move from a lower position to a higher; mount up; move upward; reach a higher level

royalty
n.
being royal; quality of royal person; kingship; sovereignty; share of product, as a percentage paid to owner of copyright

rub
v. Syn. graze; chafe
move over the surface with pressure and friction; spread a substance thinly over

ruin
v. Syn. destroy; devastate; exterminate
fall or tumble down; destroy; devastate; exterminate

ruinous
a.
causing, or tending to cause ruin; destructive; baneful; pernicious

rule
n. Syn. regulation; prescription
governing direction for a specific purpose; regulation; systematic method

rural
a. Syn. country; rustic
country; relating to rural areas

rust
v.
become destroyed by water, air, or an etching chemical such as an acid

ruthless
a. Syn. pitiless; cruel
pitiless; cruel; having no compassion or pity; merciless
risky
a. Syn. hazardous; dangerous
involving risk or danger; hazardous

rival
v. Syn. compete
compete; be equal to in quality or ability; match

rivalry
n. Syn. competition; contest
competition; the act of competing as for profit or a prize

roam
v. Syn. wander; ramble; stroll
wander; ramble; stroll

roar
n. Syn. bellow; rumble
bellow; rumble; make a loud noise

roast
v. Syn. bake; toast
cook with dry heat, usually in an oven; subject to laughter or ridicule

robe
n.
outer garment; dress of rich, flowing, and elegant style or make; dress of state, rank, office

robust
a. Syn. vigorous; strong; healthy
vigorous; full of health and strength; vigorous

rod
n. Syn. stick; shaft
stick; a long thin implement made of metal or wood

role
n. Syn. part; function
normal activity of a person in particular social setting; part played by a performer

roll
n.
a list of names

rooster
n.
adult male chicken

rot
v. Syn. decay
become decomposed by a natural process; perish slowly; become corrupt

rotary
a.
turning, as a wheel on its axis; pertaining to, or resembling, the motion of a wheel on its axis

rotate
v. Syn. alternate
plant or grow in a fixed cyclic order of succession; swirl; revolve; turn on or around an axis or a center

rotation
n. Syn. revolution
revolution; act of rotating as if on an axis

rough
a. Syn. coarse; harsh
not perfected; having or caused by an irregular surface

roughly
ad. Syn. approximately; more or less
approximately; more or less

round
ad.
by moving in or forming a circle; from beginning to end; throughout; to a specific place or person

roundabout
a.
circuitous; going round; indirect; encircling; enveloping; comprehensive

rouse
v.
become active; excite, as to anger or action; stir up; awaken

route
n. Syn. way
way for travel or transportation

routine
n. Syn. convention; habit; custom
unvarying or habitual method of procedure; occurring at fixed times or predictable intervals

English Vocabulary List Part 9